Medical Education
B.A.: Columbia University, New York, New York, 1969
Medical Degree: State University of New York, Downstate Medical School, New York, New York, 1973
Residency: Internal Medicine, EJ Meyer Memorial Hospital, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, 1975
Chief Resident: Internal Medicine, EJ Meyer Memorial Hospital, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, 1976
Fellowship: Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, 1978